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Estimating Risk of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in U.S. Medicare-Enrolled Older Adults Following Medically Attended Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease: A Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis,
Authors identified adults age 65 and over with medically attended RSV disease. Among 452,471 eligible patients with RSV disease, <11 incident GBS cases occurred in the risk period and 34 during the control period. The adjusted IRR for GBS post RSV disease was 2.11 (95% CI: 1.01–4.37), consistent across sensitivity analyses of alternative risk/control periods and after excluding coinfections. The IRR increased to 2.59 (1.17–5.73) after ICD-10 code adoption, with a marked rise among patients aged ≥75 years (3.98 [1.45–10.91]). They conclude that GBS risk increases after RSV disease compared to control periods not temporally adjacent to RSV disease, with an effect particularly evident among patients aged ≥75 years. RSV should be recognized as one of the pathogens that may rarely lead to GBS.
COVID-19 Vaccination is Associated with Reduced Complications in Pediatric Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
This is a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX compared vaccinated and unvaccinated pediatric AD patients (≤17 years), excluding those with prior COVID-19 infection or major comorbidities. After 1:1 matching, 5,758 patients per cohort were analyzed using risk ratios (RRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs (p < 0.05). Authors found COVID-19 vaccination is associated with reduced asthma and other immune-mediated complications in children with atopic dermatitis. These findings support the safety and potential broader protective benefits of vaccination in this population.
Risk Mitigation of Shared Room Ventilation and Filtration on SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: A Multicenter Test and Negative Study,
This is a multicenter test negative study of patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in shared rooms across five hospitals between January and October, 2022. Independent variables tested where air changes per hour, ACH, presence of any room mechanical ventilation Among 468 exposed patients, secondary attack rate was 26.3% (range 7.5–33.3% across hospitals). In multivariable analysis, increased ACH was associated with decreased odds of infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–1.00; p=.046) as were exposure duration and Ct value of source patient. Presence of RMV was also associated with decreased odds of infection (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.27–0.95; p=.034) while use of portable HEPA filter was not significant (aOR 0.58, 95% CI 0.26–1.31; p=.18). Improved ventilation was independently associated with lower odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection among exposed roommates. Ensuring RMV is present and optimizing ACH may significantly mitigate the risk of HA-SARS-CoV-2.
Resistance Exercise Therapy After COVID-19 Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial
These results come from a two-arm multi-center randomized clinical trial including 233 adults with a hospital or community diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in the preceding 12 months. The intervention group comprised 117 individuals. Control group, 116. Total of 224 individuals at baseline. 193 individuals at three months completed the incremental shuttle walk test. The intervention group received the personalized resistance exercise intervention for three months. The control group, treatment as usual. Authors conclude a program of resistance exercise for three months among adults after COVID-19 infection appeared to improve walking distance, health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, and grip strength. The intervention did not increase adverse events or postexertional malaise. This pragmatic intervention may be a generalizable therapy for individuals with persisting physical symptoms after COVID-19 infection.
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World Health Organization (WHO)
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COVID-19 in US and Canada
