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Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of the AS01E-adjuvanted Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) in Older Adults Over Three Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasons (AReSVi-006): A Multicentre, Randomized, Observer-blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial
A study of the single-dose respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine in older adults shows that vaccine efficacy waned across three RSV seasons but suggests a booster vaccination dose one year after initial vaccination did little to provide additional efficacy.
Long-Term Stroke and Mortality Risk Reduction Associated With Acute-Phase Paxlovid Use in Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19
This retrospective cohort study investigated whether Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) use during the acute phase of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 reduces the risk of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke occurring more than three months post-diagnosis. Utilizing TriNetX electronic health records comprising 118 million patients in the United States, adults aged 18 years or older with confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses from 2022 to 2023 were categorized into Paxlovid (administered within five days of diagnosis) and non-Paxlovid groups. Among 181,992 matched pairs, Paxlovid use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.89) and all-cause mortality (HR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.63–0.73) during the Long COVID period, defined as more than 90 days post-diagnosis. Subgroup analyses demonstrated consistent protective effects across age, sex, BMI, comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, and vaccination status.
The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on the Risk of Persistent Post–COVID-19 Condition: Cohort Study
These are the results of a population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden, to investigate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of developing persistent post–COVID-19 condition (PCC) in individuals surviving the first year after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In total, 331,042 individuals were included. The adjusted risk ratio for developing persistent PCC compared with unvaccinated individuals was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI], .59–1.10) for one dose, 0.42 (95% CI, .35–.52) for two doses, and 0.37 (95% CI, .27–.52) for three doses. Reduced risks for vaccinated individuals were also observed when restricting the analyses to pre-Omicron and Omicron, as well as all subgroups including sex, age, and previous infection.
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